A study of quenching approaches to optimize ultrasonic spray coated perovskite layers scalable for PV

Perovskite materials have gathered increased interest over the last decade. Their rapidly rising efficiency, coupled with compatibility solution processing and thin film technology has put perovskite solar cells (PSC) on spotlight of photovoltaic research. On top that, band gap tunability via composition changes makes them a perfect candidate for tandem applications, allowing further harvest irradiation spectrum improved power conversion efficiency (PCE). In order to convert all these advantages into large scale production dissemination in energy generation market, fabrication must be adapted optimized use high throughput, continuous processes, such as ultrasonic spray coating (USSC). this paper we investigate ultrasonically coated layers particular focus quenching-assisted crystallization step. Different quenching techniques are introduced process compared terms final layer morphology cell performance. Finally, gas is used large-scale-compatible deposition allows PCE >15%.